Potatoes in Washington: A bounty from the Evergreen State

Daniel Schafer
Communications

Washington state has gained recognition not only for its breathtaking landscapes but also for its significant contributions to agriculture. Among the many highly-successful crops grown in Washington, potatoes are especially beloved. With an ideal combination of temperate climate, fertile soil, and skilled growers, the state has become a leader in potato production, supplying not only its own residents but also a substantial portion of the nation. In this blog, we’ll explore why potatoes are so important to the state's agricultural landscape. 

A perfect growing environment 

It's no secret that Washington state boasts an enviable climate and geographical diversity. This diversity translates into distinct growing regions, with eastern Washington and the Skagit Valley emerging as primary potato-producing areas. The state's climate, with its mild temperatures and ample sunlight, provides an extended growing season — a critical factor in achieving high yields. Coupled with fertile volcanic soil and an abundant water supply, these conditions create an optimal environment for potato crops. 

Washington State Potato Commission

Formed in 1982, the Washington State Potato Commission (WSPC) was originally created to negotiate better freight and rail rates with distributors. Today, they finance one of the largest potato research programs in the country investing more than $500,000 annually in projects that are performed in conjunction with universities, the USDA, and private contractors.  

Washington's commitment to excellence is evident in its potato yield per acre, which stands at a staggering 30 tons — double the national average — according to the WSPC. This remarkable achievement is a testament to the dedication of the state's farmers and their mastery of potato cultivation techniques.  

Production and distribution

With around 300 commercial potato growers, Washington is at the forefront of potato production in the United States. Together, these growers cultivate over 160,000 acres of land annually.  

Ninety percent of Washington potatoes are processed, mostly into frozen french fries, with many going to overseas markets. Japan, South Korea, and Mexico purchase approximately 70% of the french fries made from exported Washington potatoes every year generating around $969 million. 

The state's prominence in the industry is further underscored by its role as the source of 20 percent of all U.S. potatoes — making Washington the number two potato producer in the country, behind Idaho — a remarkable contribution to the nation's food supply. With more irrigation canals, Washington could easily slide into the top spot. 

A staple in every household 

Potatoes are more than just an agricultural commodity; they're a staple in kitchens across the state and the country. From the classic mashed potatoes to the ever-popular french fries, this versatile tuber has secured its place in the hearts and plates of Washingtonians. Beyond the kitchen, the potato industry also plays a significant role in the state's economy, providing jobs, supporting local communities, and contributing to a thriving agricultural sector. 

Washington loves potatoes 

Washington’s potato growers are proud of the high standards they’ve set for growing perfect potatoes. They’ve been recognized with national awards and for using environmentally friendly techniques like the efficient use of water and fertilizers. Washington potato farmers are also pioneers in adopting sustainable crop management and techniques. 

The next time you enjoy a plate of delicious potatoes, remember that you're savoring a piece of the remarkable story that is Washington's agricultural legacy. 

 

Growing healthy potato crops through seed potato certification

Cindy Cooper
Plant Services Program 

WSDA’s Plant Services Program works with the potato industry year round to grow seed potatoes, certifying they are inspected and tested for harmful diseases or pests that could ruin a crop. Each year, Washington farmers produce thousands of acres of commercial potatoes, and it all starts with certified seed.

Farmers don’t plant traditional seeds to grow potatoes, they plant a part of the potato itself and it’s critical that these seed potatoes be healthy to ensure a healthy crop.

Visiting the annual seed potato lot trials in Othello.

Last week, several specialists with our Plant Services Program participated in the annual seed potato lot trials near Othello. For these trials, potato growers submit potato seed in lots to be planted and 'read' for virus and fungal disease symptoms. The reading results are then published so they are available for potential buyers.

These trials are a collaboration involving researchers with Washington State University, Oregon State University, University of Idaho, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Washington Potato Commission and other potato industry groups.

This year's trials included a USDA-sponsored demonstration planting of seed potatoes inoculated with different strains of the PVY virus, or Potato Virus Y. This plant disease has varying effects on different potato varieties, sometimes showing disease symptoms, like spots, on the foliage and, in some cases, remaining latent with no visual symptoms at all. The virus only affects plants, not animals, but can be spread through aphid activity.

Examining the demo plot of PVY infected plants. 

The USDA demo and training for seed potato inspectors in Washington and neighboring states is part of a national training effort to combat the spread of PVY.

About 17 states certify seed potatoes for interstate planting. Washington has about 3,500 acres of certified seed this year, with 10 growers participating in the program.

A complete list of all the seed potato lots certified in the past year is available on our website. You can visit our Plant Services Program webpage for more info.

Thanks to Plant Services Program environmental specialist Sue Welch for the photos.